wring

英 [rɪŋ] 美 [rɪŋ]

• vt. 拧；绞；紧握；使痛苦；折磨
• vi. 蠕动；扭动；感到痛苦；感到苦恼
• n. 拧；绞；挤；扭动

1. *sker- "cut"; *ker- / *wer- "turn, bend, wind, twist" (see curve, versus).
2. *wer- => *wr- "turn, bend, wind, twist".
3. *wr- => 同源词：wring => wrench (类比：drink => drench) "twist",
4. => wring => wrangle "dispute, wrestle" (与什么纠缠不休，类比：versus),
5. => wring => wrong "twisted, crooked, wry, wrong" (取本义为扭曲的、歪曲的这些含义的引申义),
6. => wring => wrinkle "wrinkled, crooked, winding, crease"; from PIE *wreng- "turn", nasalized variant of *werg- "turn" (cf. Latin vergere "turn, tend toward"), from *wer.
7. *wer- / *wr- => 其它同源词：worry (因为纠缠而纠结、烦恼),
8. => wry "distorted, twisted" (from *wrig- "turn" => awry, wrist "the turning joint", wriggle, wrest "twist, wrench", wrestle (wrest 的反复体)),
9. => wreath (from *wreit- "turn, bend" => writhe "twist or bend", wroth "angry" (literally "tormented, twisted")),
10. => wrap (from *werp- "turn, wind" => warp), worm (cf. Latin vermis "worm"),
11. => worth (literally "turn into", from PIE *wert- "turn, wind"),
12. => weird ("fate, destiny," literally "that which comes", from PIE *wert- "turn, wind", For sense development from "turning" to "becoming," cf. phrase turn into "become"),
13. => -ward (adverbial suffix expressing direction, Old English -weard "toward," literally "turned toward," variant of PIE *wert- "turn, wind"), rhombus (from PIE *wremb-, from *werb- "turn, twist, bend").

wring 宁，扭，绞——ring戒指，环。打电话
口诀： 他把铁环拧成戒指。